Göttingen is located in the south of Lower Saxony and is part of the metropolitan region of Hanover-Braunschweig-Göttingen-Wolfsburg. Since the Middle Ages, Göttingen has grown almost constantly and in 2016 119,177 people lived in the city. Due to the fact that half of all students in Göttingen did not register their main residence, the actual number of inhabitants is higher. It is estimated at around 132,000 people.
The inhabitants of Göttingen are spread over 116.89 km2, which means that 1,020 people live on one square kilometre. Compared to 2015, the population has grown by 0.22 percent – a positive sign that speaks for the attractiveness of Göttingen.
Göttingen was the first big city in 1964, which is due to various incorporations at that time.